Beethoven once reported that he had written down his three last piano sonatas (op. 109, 110, 111) in 1820 to 1822 in one go, and they certainly form a closely related group. Beethoven dedicated his very last sonata, no. 32 in C minor op. 111, to his patron Archduke Rudolf of Austria, who shortly beforehand had also been the dedicatee of Beethoven's famous ''Missa solemnis''. Experts consider Beethoven's last sonata to be the great, concluding climax of his piano sonata output. Its unusual two-movement form unites grandeur with simplicity. This carefully edited Henle Urtext edition offers a solid basis from which to delve into one of Beethoven's most difficult piano sonatas.